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Incarceration

In Canada and other parts of the world, incarceration is a key determinant of health among injection drug users. Prisons are known to be environments where risky drug-using behaviour occurs. UHRI investigators have conducted several quantitative and qualitative studies pertaining to incarceration and health, and have documented the impact of incarceration on high-risk injecting practices and adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Publications

  • Kinner SA, Milloy MJ, Wood E, Qi J, Zhang R, Kerr T. Incidence and risk factors for non-fatal overdose among a cohort of recently incarcerated illicit drug users. Addictive Behaviors, 2012; 37(6): 691-696. PubMed
  • Csete J, Kaplan K, Hayashi K, Fairbairn N, Suwannawong P, Zhang R, Wood E, Kerr T. Compulsory drug detention center experiences among a community-based sample of injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 2011; 11(1): 12. PubMed
  • Milloy MJ, Kerr T, Buxton J, Rhodes T, Guillemi S, Hogg R, Montaner J, Wood E. Dose-response effect of incarceration events on non-adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2011; 203(9): 1215-1221. PubMed Summary
  • Milloy M-J, Wood E. HIV treatment in the criminal justice system. HIV Therapy, 2010; 4(5): 519-522.
  • Milloy MJ, Wood E, Lloyd-Smith E, Grafstein E, Tyndall M, Montaner J, Kerr T. Recent incarceration linked to cutaneous injection-related infections among active injection drug users in a Canadian setting. Journal of Community Health, 2010; 35(6): 660-666. PubMed
  • Hayashi K, Milloy M-J, Fairbairn N, Kaplan K, Suwannawong P, Lai C, Wood E, Kerr T. Incarceration experiences among a community-recruited sample of injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand. BMC Public Health, 2009; 9(1): 492. PubMed
  • Milloy M-JS, Wood E, Tyndall M, Lai C, Montaner J, Kerr T. Recent incarceration and use of a supervised injection facility in Vancouver, Canada. Addiction Research & Theory, 2009; 17(5): 538-545.
  • Milloy M-JS, Kerr T, Buxton J, Montaner JS, Wood E. Methamphetamine use and rates of incarceration among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting: A cross-sectional analysis. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 2009; 4(1): 17. PubMed
  • Small W, Wood E, Betteridge G, Montaner J, Kerr T. The impact of incarceration upon adherence to HIV treatment among HIV-positive injection drug users: A qualitative study. AIDS Care, 2009; 21(6): 708-714. Summary
  • Milloy M-JS, Buxton J, Wood E, Li K, Montaner JSG, Kerr T. Elevated HIV risk behaviour among recently incarcerated injection drug users in a Canadian setting: A longitudinal analysis. BMC Public Health, 2009; 9(1): 156. PubMed Summary
  • DeBeck K, Kerr T, Li K, Milloy M, Montaner J, Wood E. Incarceration and drug use patterns among a cohort of injection drug users. Addiction, 2009; 104: 69-76. PubMed Summary
  • Milloy M-J, Wood E, Small W, Tyndall M, Lai C, Montaner JS, Kerr T. Incarceration experiences in a cohort of active injection drug users. Drug and Alcohol Review, 2008; 27(6): 693-699. PubMed Summary
  • Werb D, Kerr T, Marsh D, Li K, Montaner J, Wood E. Effect of methadone treatment on incarceration rates among injection drug users. European Addiction Research, 2008; 14(3): 143-149. PubMed
  • Werb D, Kerr T, Small W, Li K, Montaner J, Wood E. HIV risks associated with incarceration among injection drug users: implications for prison-based public health strategies. Journal of Public Health (Oxford), 2008; 30(2): 126-132. PubMed Summary
  • Kerr T, Fairbairn N, Tyndall M, Marsh D, Li K, Montaner JS, Wood E. Predictors of non-fatal overdose among a cohort of polysubstance-using injection drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2007; 87(1): 39-45. PubMed
  • Werb D, Elliott R, Fischer B, Wood E, Montaner J, Kerr T. Drug treatment courts in Canada: An evidence-based review. HIV/AIDS Policy & Law Review, 2007; 12(2-3):12-17. PubMed
  • Wood E, Lim R, Kerr T. Initiation of opiate addiction in a Canadian prison: A case report. Harm Reduction Journal, 2006; 3(11). PubMed
  • Kerr T. Reconsidering the public health failings of the criminal justice system: A reflection on the case of Scott Ortiz. Harm Reduction Journal, 2006; 3(25). PubMed
  • Wood E, Li K, Small W, Montaner JS, Schechter MT, Kerr T. Recent incarceration independently associated with syringe sharing by injection drug users. Public Health Reports, 2005; 120(2): 150-156. PubMed
  • Wood E, Montaner J, Kerr T. HIV risks in incarcerated injection drug users. Lancet, 2005; 366(9500): 1834-35. PubMed
  • Small W, Kain S, Laliberte N, Schechter MT, O’Shaughnessy MV, Spittal PM. Incarceration, addiction and harm reduction: Inmates experience injecting drugs in prison. Substance Use & Misuse, 2005; 40(6): 831-843. PubMed
  • Small W, Wood E, Jürgens R, Kerr T. Injection drug use, HIV/AIDS and incarceration: Evidence from the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. HIV/AIDS Policy & Law Review, 2005; 10(3): 5-10. PubMed
  • Lloyd-Smith E, Kerr T, Hogg RS, Li K, Montaner JS, Wood E. Prevalence and correlates of abscesses among a cohort of injection drug users. Harm Reduction Journal, 2005; 2(1): 24. PubMed
  • Kerr T, Marshall A, Walsh J, Palepu A, Tyndall M, Montaner JS, Hogg R, Wood E. Determinants of HAART discontinuation among injection drug users. AIDS Care, 2005; 17(5): 539-549. PubMed
  • Kerr T, Wood E, Betteridge G, Lines R, Jürgens R. Harm reduction in prisons: A ‘rights based analysis’. Critical Public Health, 2004; 14(4), 345-360.
  • Palepu A, Tyndall MW, Chan K, Wood E, Montaner JS, Hogg RS. Initiating highly active therapy and continuation of HIV care: The impact of incarceration and prison release on adherence and HIV treatment outcomes. Antiviral Therapy, 2004; 9(5): 713-719. PubMed